Datasets:

GEM
/

wiki_cat_sum

gem_id stringlengths 14 18	gem_parent_id stringlengths 14 18	id stringlengths 4 5	title stringlengths 3 71	paragraphs sequence	summary sequence	target stringlengths 112 46.4k	references list
animal-train-1	animal-train-1	2652	lytrosis unitaria	[ "lytrosis (hulst) of louisiana vernon antoine brou jr. 2005. southern lepidopterists' news, 27: 7 .\nlytrosis sinuosa - wings are various shades of brown or yellowish brown with the median area being concolorous with the basal area of the wing .\na revision of the moth genus lytrosis (lepidoptera, geometridae) fred...	{ "text": [ "lytrosis unitaria , the common lytrosis moth , is a species of moth of the geometridae family .", "it is found in north america , including arkansas , georgia , iowa , massachusetts , new hampshire , new jersey , new york , north carolina , ohio , oklahoma , ontario , pennsylvania , south carolin...	lytrosis unitaria, the common lytrosis moth, is a species of moth of the geometridae family. it is found in north america, including arkansas, georgia, iowa, massachusetts, new hampshire, new jersey, new york, north carolina, ohio, oklahoma, ontario, pennsylvania, south carolina, tennessee, texas, virginia, west virginia and wisconsin. the wingspan is about 50 mm. the larvae feed on rosa, crataegus, amelanchier, acer, quercus and viburnum species.	[ "lytrosis unitaria, the common lytrosis moth, is a species of moth of the geometridae family. it is found in north america, including arkansas, georgia, iowa, massachusetts, new hampshire, new jersey, new york, north carolina, ohio, oklahoma, ontario, pennsylvania, south carolina, tennessee, texas, virginia, west v...
animal-train-2	animal-train-2	2653	abantiades sericatus	[ "abantiades sericatus tindale, 1932; rec. s. aust. mus. 4 (4): 513; tl: western australia, lake grace\nabantiades sericatus; [ nhm card ]; [ aucl ]; nielsen, robinson & wagner, 2000, j. nat. hist. 34: 856 (list )\nabantiades lineacurva. brookton highway, se of kelmscott, western australia. photo courtesy of paul hu...	{ "text": [ "abantiades sericatus is a moth of the hepialidae family .", "it is endemic to western australia .", "the wingspan is about 70 mm .", "adult females have pale brown forewings with a sinuous pattern of white patches with black outlines and two to three orange and blue eyespots .", "the ...	abantiades sericatus is a moth of the hepialidae family. it is endemic to western australia. the wingspan is about 70 mm. adult females have pale brown forewings with a sinuous pattern of white patches with black outlines and two to three orange and blue eyespots. the hindwings are pale brown. males have white forewings with a sinuous pattern and white hindwings.	[ "abantiades sericatus is a moth of the hepialidae family. it is endemic to western australia. the wingspan is about 70 mm. adult females have pale brown forewings with a sinuous pattern of white patches with black outlines and two to three orange and blue eyespots. the hindwings are pale brown. males have white for...
animal-train-3	animal-train-3	2654	eupoca haakei	[ "eupoca haakei is a moth in the crambidae family. it was described by solis and adamski in 1998. it is found at low elevations in south - eastern costa rica .\neupoca haakei is a moth in the crambidae family. it was described by solis and adamski in 1998. it is found at low elevations in south - eastern costa rica ...	{ "text": [ "eupoca haakei is a moth in the crambidae family .", "it was described by solis and adamski in 1998 .", "it is found at low elevations in south-eastern costa rica .", "the length of the forewings is 7.8-9.5 mm .", "the ground colour of the forewings is brown mixed with white and pale b...	eupoca haakei is a moth in the crambidae family. it was described by solis and adamski in 1998. it is found at low elevations in south-eastern costa rica. the length of the forewings is 7.8-9.5 mm. the ground colour of the forewings is brown mixed with white and pale brown scales. the distal part of the subterminal area is pale brown and the marginal line is brown. the hindwings are pale brown with a brown marginal line.	[ "eupoca haakei is a moth in the crambidae family. it was described by solis and adamski in 1998. it is found at low elevations in south-eastern costa rica. the length of the forewings is 7.8-9.5 mm. the ground colour of the forewings is brown mixed with white and pale brown scales. the distal part of the subtermina...
animal-train-4	animal-train-4	2655	polish cochineal	[ "clockwise: kermes, armenian cochineal, polish cochineal, lac dye and american cochineal .\n], and hence its presence does not exclude the use of polish cochineal, whereas pp6 precludes the american one .\ncollecting cochineal bugs in peruvian highlands. (the collecting cloth is naturally dyed with cochineal. )\nth...	{ "text": [ "polish cochineal ( porphyrophora polonica ) , also known as polish carmine scales , is a scale insect formerly used to produce a crimson dye of the same name , colloquially known as \" saint john 's blood \" .", "the larvae of p. polonica are sessile parasites living on the roots of various herbs...	polish cochineal (porphyrophora polonica), also known as polish carmine scales, is a scale insect formerly used to produce a crimson dye of the same name, colloquially known as " saint john's blood ". the larvae of p. polonica are sessile parasites living on the roots of various herbs — especially those of the perennial knawel — growing on the sandy soils of central europe and other parts of eurasia. before the development of aniline, alizarin, and other synthetic dyes, the insect was of great economic importance, although its use was in decline after the introduction of mexican cochineal to europe in the 16th century.	[ "polish cochineal (porphyrophora polonica), also known as polish carmine scales, is a scale insect formerly used to produce a crimson dye of the same name, colloquially known as \" saint john's blood \". the larvae of p. polonica are sessile parasites living on the roots of various herbs — especially those of the p...
animal-train-5	animal-train-5	2656	tenrec	[ "keeping lesser hedgehog tenrecs in captivity has helped biologists learn much about this tenrec species and tenrec biology in general. there are 4 other species of tenrec that do well in captivity: the common tenrec (the largest tenrec species), the greater hedgehog tenrec (the larger cousin of the lesser hedgehog...	{ "text": [ "a tenrec is any species of mammal within the family tenrecidae , found on madagascar and in parts of the african mainland .", "tenrecs are widely diverse ; as a result of convergent evolution they resemble hedgehogs , shrews , opossums , mice and even otters .", "they occupy aquatic , arborea...	a tenrec is any species of mammal within the family tenrecidae, found on madagascar and in parts of the african mainland. tenrecs are widely diverse; as a result of convergent evolution they resemble hedgehogs, shrews, opossums, mice and even otters. they occupy aquatic, arboreal, terrestrial and fossorial environments. some of these species, including the greater hedgehog tenrec, can be found in the madagascar dry deciduous forests.	[ "a tenrec is any species of mammal within the family tenrecidae, found on madagascar and in parts of the african mainland. tenrecs are widely diverse; as a result of convergent evolution they resemble hedgehogs, shrews, opossums, mice and even otters. they occupy aquatic, arboreal, terrestrial and fossorial environ...
animal-train-6	animal-train-6	2657	neodactria caliginosellus	[ "black grass - veneer - hodges # 5381 (neodactria caliginosella) - neodactria caliginosellus - bugguide. net\nspecies neodactria caliginosellus - black grass - veneer - hodges # 5381 - bugguide. net\nlandry, b. and r. l. brown. 2005. two new species of neodactria landry (lepidoptera: pyralidae: crambinae) from the ...	{ "text": [ "neodactria caliginosellus , the corn root webworm or black grass-veneer , is a moth in the crambidae family .", "it was described by clemens in 1860 .", "it is found in north america , where it has been recorded from alabama , alberta , california , florida , georgia , illinois , indiana , ma...	neodactria caliginosellus, the corn root webworm or black grass-veneer, is a moth in the crambidae family. it was described by clemens in 1860. it is found in north america, where it has been recorded from alabama, alberta, california, florida, georgia, illinois, indiana, maine, maryland, mississippi, north carolina, ohio, oklahoma, ontario, south carolina and tennessee. the habitat consists of grassy areas and fields. the wingspan is about 17 mm. the forewings are dark brown to blackish with black postmedian and subterminal lines. the hindwings are dark greyish brown. there is one generation per year with adults on wing in june and july in the northern part of the range. in florida, adults have been recorded on wing from february to november. the larvae feed on turf grasses and corn stalks. they have a pale white to grey body.	[ "neodactria caliginosellus, the corn root webworm or black grass-veneer, is a moth in the crambidae family. it was described by clemens in 1860. it is found in north america, where it has been recorded from alabama, alberta, california, florida, georgia, illinois, indiana, maine, maryland, mississippi, north caroli...
animal-train-7	animal-train-7	2658	cerithiopsilla antarctica	[ "species cerithiopsilla antarctica (smith, 1907) accepted as cerithiella antarctica (e. a. smith, 1907 )\nspecies cerithiopsilla cincta thiele, 1912 accepted as cerithiella cincta (thiele, 1912) accepted as cerithiella antarctica (e. a. smith, 1907) (original combination )\ncerithiopsilla cincta thiele, 1912 accept...	{ "text": [ "cerithiopsilla antarctica is a species of very small sea snails , marine gastropod molluscs in the family cerithiopsidae .", "it was described by smith in 1907 . " ], "topic": [ 2, 5 ] }	cerithiopsilla antarctica is a species of very small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family cerithiopsidae. it was described by smith in 1907.	[ "cerithiopsilla antarctica is a species of very small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family cerithiopsidae. it was described by smith in 1907." ]
animal-train-8	animal-train-8	2659	peristernia pulchella	[ "peristernia - pulchella _ 01. jpg taken by reeve 1847: plate fig. 65 image page with metadata full resolution image\n- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - species: peristernia pulchella (l. a. reeve, 1847) - id: 1972653970\nreeve, l. a. 1847. conchologia iconica: or, illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. vol....	{ "text": [ "peristernia pulchella is a species of sea snail , a marine gastropod mollusk in the family fasciolariidae , the spindle snails , the tulip snails and their allies . " ], "topic": [ 2 ] }	peristernia pulchella is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies.	[ "peristernia pulchella is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies." ]
animal-train-9	animal-train-9	2660	caesio caerulaurea	[ "nick hope marked the creole, english common name\ngowana\nfrom\ncaesio caerulaurea lacepède, 1801\nas untrusted .\nnick hope marked the creole, english common name\nkibiri\nfrom\ncaesio caerulaurea lacepède, 1801\nas untrusted .\nnick hope marked the creole, english common name\nvaber - vaber\nfrom\ncaesio caerula...	{ "text": [ "caesio caerulaurea , the blue and gold fusilier , blue fusilier , gold-band fusilier or scissor-tailed fusilier , is a species of marine fish in the family caesionidae .", "it is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the indo-pacific area , including the red sea .", "this fish can reac...	caesio caerulaurea, the blue and gold fusilier, blue fusilier, gold-band fusilier or scissor-tailed fusilier, is a species of marine fish in the family caesionidae. it is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the indo-pacific area, including the red sea. this fish can reach a maximum size of 35 cm in length, but its common length is 23.5 cm.	[ "caesio caerulaurea, the blue and gold fusilier, blue fusilier, gold-band fusilier or scissor-tailed fusilier, is a species of marine fish in the family caesionidae. it is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the indo-pacific area, including the red sea. this fish can reach a maximum size of 35 cm in length...
animal-train-10	animal-train-10	2661	i ' ll have another	["“it’s kind of sad. i would have liked to have had a lot of i’ll have anothers. ”\nabove / (...TRUNCATED)	{"text":["i 'll have another ( foaled april 1 , 2009 ) is a north american thoroughbred race horse ,(...TRUNCATED)	"i'll have another (foaled april 1, 2009) is a north american thoroughbred race horse, bred in kentu(...TRUNCATED)	["i'll have another (foaled april 1, 2009) is a north american thoroughbred race horse, bred in kent(...TRUNCATED)

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Dataset Card for GEM/wiki_cat_sum

Link to Main Data Card

You can find the main data card on the GEM Website.

Dataset Summary

WikiCatSum is an English summarization dataset in three domains: animals, companies, and film. It provides multiple paragraphs of text paired with a summary of the paragraphs.

You can load the dataset via:

import datasets
data = datasets.load_dataset('GEM/wiki_cat_sum')

The data loader can be found here.

website

Github

paper

Arxiv

authors

Laura Perez-Beltrachini, Yang Liu, Mirella Lapata (University of Edinburgh) Peter J. Liu, Mohammad Saleh, Etienne Pot, Ben Goodrich, Ryan Sepassi, Lukasz Kaiser, Noam Shazeer (GoogleBrain)

Dataset Overview

Where to find the Data and its Documentation

BibTex

@inproceedings{perez-beltrachini-etal-2019-generating,
    title = "Generating Summaries with Topic Templates and Structured Convolutional Decoders",
    author = "Perez-Beltrachini, Laura  and
      Liu, Yang  and
      Lapata, Mirella",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    month = jul,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/P19-1504",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/P19-1504",
}

Contact Name

Laura Perez-Beltrachini

Contact Email

lperez@ed.ac.uk

Has a Leaderboard?

Languages and Intended Use

Multilingual?

Covered Languages

English

License

cc-by-sa-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 Unported

Intended Use

Research on multi-document abstractive summarisation.

Primary Task

Summarization

Communicative Goal

Summarise the most important facts of a given entity in the Film, Company, and Animal domains from a cluster of related documents.

Credit

Curation Organization Type(s)

industry, academic

Curation Organization(s)

Google Cloud Platform, University of Edinburgh

Dataset Creators

Laura Perez-Beltrachini, Yang Liu, Mirella Lapata (University of Edinburgh) Peter J. Liu, Mohammad Saleh, Etienne Pot, Ben Goodrich, Ryan Sepassi, Lukasz Kaiser, Noam Shazeer (GoogleBrain)

Funding

Google Cloud Platform, European Research Council

Who added the Dataset to GEM?

Ronald Cardenas (University of Edinburgh) Laura Perez-Beltrachini (University of Edinburgh)

Dataset Structure

Data Fields

id: ID of the data example
title: Is the Wikipedia article's title
paragraphs: Is the ranked list of paragraphs from the set of crawled texts
summary: Is constituted by a list of sentences together with their corresponding topic label

Example Instance

This is a truncated example from the animal setting:

{'gem_id': 'animal-train-1',
 'gem_parent_id': 'animal-train-1',
 'id': '2652',
 'paragraphs': ["lytrosis (hulst) of louisiana vernon antoine brou jr. 2005. southern lepidopterists' news, 27: 7 ., ..."],
 'references': ['lytrosis unitaria , the common lytrosis moth, is a species of moth of the geometridae family. it is found in north america, including arkansas, georgia, iowa , massachusetts, and wisconsin. the wingspan is about 50 mm. the larvae feed on rosa, crataegus, amelanchier, acer, quercus and viburnum species.'],
 'summary': {'text': ['lytrosis unitaria , the common lytrosis moth , is a species of moth of the geometridae family .',
   'it is found in north america , including arkansas , georgia , iowa , massachusetts , new hampshire , new jersey , new york , north carolina , ohio , oklahoma , ontario , pennsylvania , south carolina , tennessee , texas , virginia , west virginia and wisconsin .',
   'the wingspan is about 50 mm .',
   'the larvae feed on rosa , crataegus , amelanchier , acer , quercus and viburnum species . '],
  'topic': [29, 20, 9, 8]},
 'target': 'lytrosis unitaria , the common lytrosis moth, is a species of moth of the geometridae family. it is found in north america, including arkansas, georgia, iowa , massachusetts, and wisconsin. the wingspan is about 50 mm. the larvae feed on rosa, crataegus, amelanchier, acer, quercus and viburnum species.',
 'title': 'lytrosis unitaria'}

Data Splits

Nb of instances in train/valid/test are 50,938/2,855/2,831

Splitting Criteria

The data was split i.i.d., i.e. uniformly split into training, validation, and test datasets.

Dataset in GEM

Rationale for Inclusion in GEM

Why is the Dataset in GEM?

Evaluation of models' performance on noisy (document, summary) pairs and long inputs. Evaluate models' capabilities to generalise and mitigate biases.

Similar Datasets

Unique Language Coverage

Ability that the Dataset measures

Capabilities to generalise, mitigate biases, factual correctness.

GEM-Specific Curation

Modificatied for GEM?

yes

GEM Modifications

annotations added

Modification Details

We provide topic labels for summary sentences.

Additional Splits?

Getting Started with the Task

Pointers to Resources

And all references in these papers.

Previous Results

Measured Model Abilities

Capabilities to generalise, mitigate biases, factual correctness.

Metrics

ROUGE, BERT-Score, MoverScore, Other: Other Metrics

Other Metrics

Abstract/Copy
Factual accuracy based on the score of (Goodrich et al., 2019) and the relation extraction system of (Sorokin and Gurevych, 2017).

Proposed Evaluation

Human based are Question Answering and Ranking (Content, Fluency and Repetition)

Previous results available?

yes

Other Evaluation Approaches

Those listed above.

Relevant Previous Results

Generating Summaries with Topic Templates and Structured Convolutional Decoders https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.04687

Noisy Self-Knowledge Distillation for Text Summarization https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.07032

Dataset Curation

Original Curation

Original Curation Rationale

The dataset is a subset of the WikiSum (Liu et al., 2018) dataset focusing on summaries of entities in three domains (Film, Company, and Animal). It is multi-document summarisation where input-output pairs for each example entity are created as follows. The input is a set of paragraphs collected from i) documents in the Reference section of the entity's Wikipedia page plus ii) documents collected from the top ten search results after querying Google search engine with the entity name. The output summary is the Wikipedia abstract for the entity.

Communicative Goal

Generate descriptive summaries with specific domains, where certain topics are discussed and generally in specific orders.

Sourced from Different Sources

yes

Source Details

WikiSum (Liu et al., 2018)

Language Data

How was Language Data Obtained?

Other

Topics Covered

The dataset and task focuses on summaries for entities in three domains: Company, Film, and Animal.

Data Validation

not validated

Data Preprocessing

Summary sentences are associated with a topic label. There is a topic model for each domain.

Was Data Filtered?

not filtered

Structured Annotations

Additional Annotations?

automatically created

Annotation Service?

Annotation Values

Each summary sentences was annotated with a topic label. There is a topic model for each of the three domains. This was used to guide a hierarchical decoder.

Any Quality Control?

validated by data curators

Quality Control Details

Manual inspection of a sample of topics assigned to sentences. The number of topics was selected based on the performance of the summarisation model.

Consent

Any Consent Policy?

Justification for Using the Data

The dataset is base on Wikipedia and referenced and retrieved documents crawled from the Web.

Private Identifying Information (PII)

Contains PII?

unlikely

Any PII Identification?

no identification

Maintenance

Any Maintenance Plan?

Broader Social Context

Previous Work on the Social Impact of the Dataset

Usage of Models based on the Data

Impact on Under-Served Communities

Addresses needs of underserved Communities?

Discussion of Biases

Any Documented Social Biases?

yes

Links and Summaries of Analysis Work

This dataset is based on Wikipedia and thus biases analysis on other Wikipedia-based datasets are potentially true for WikiCatSum. For instance, see analysis for the ToTTo dataset here [1].

[1] Automatic Construction of Evaluation Suites for Natural Language Generation Datasets https://openreview.net/forum?id=CSi1eu_2q96

Considerations for Using the Data

PII Risks and Liability

Licenses

Copyright Restrictions on the Dataset

public domain

Copyright Restrictions on the Language Data

public domain

Known Technical Limitations

Downloads last month: 647

Laura Perez-Beltrachini

Size of the auto-converted Parquet files:

4.01 GB

Number of rows:

186,517

Papers for GEM/wiki_cat_sum

Noisy Self-Knowledge Distillation for Text Summarization

Paper • 2009.07032 • Published Sep 15, 2020

Generating Summaries with Topic Templates and Structured Convolutional Decoders

Paper • 1906.04687 • Published Jun 11, 2019

Generating Wikipedia by Summarizing Long Sequences

Paper • 1801.10198 • Published Jan 30, 2018 • 3

Dataset Card for GEM/wiki_cat_sum

Link to Main Data Card

Dataset Summary

website

paper

authors

Dataset Overview

Where to find the Data and its Documentation

Webpage

Download

Paper

BibTex

Contact Name

Contact Email

Has a Leaderboard?

Languages and Intended Use

Multilingual?

Covered Languages

License

Intended Use

Primary Task

Communicative Goal

Credit

Curation Organization Type(s)

Curation Organization(s)

Dataset Creators

Funding

Who added the Dataset to GEM?

Dataset Structure

Data Fields

Example Instance

Data Splits

Splitting Criteria

Dataset in GEM

Rationale for Inclusion in GEM

Why is the Dataset in GEM?

Similar Datasets

Unique Language Coverage

Ability that the Dataset measures

GEM-Specific Curation

Modificatied for GEM?

GEM Modifications

Modification Details

Additional Splits?

Getting Started with the Task

Pointers to Resources

Previous Results

Previous Results

Measured Model Abilities

Metrics

Other Metrics

Proposed Evaluation

Previous results available?

Other Evaluation Approaches

Relevant Previous Results

Dataset Curation

Original Curation

Original Curation Rationale

Communicative Goal

Sourced from Different Sources

Source Details

Language Data

How was Language Data Obtained?

Topics Covered

Data Validation

Data Preprocessing

Was Data Filtered?

Structured Annotations

Additional Annotations?

Annotation Service?

Annotation Values

Any Quality Control?

Quality Control Details

Consent

Any Consent Policy?

Justification for Using the Data

Private Identifying Information (PII)

Contains PII?

Any PII Identification?

Maintenance